站长资讯网本篇文章给大家整理分享了20个提升效率的JavaScript简写技巧，希望对大家有帮助。
简写技巧
当同时声明多个变量时，可简写成一行
//Longhand let x; let y = 20; //Shorthand let x, y = 20;
利用解构，可为多个变量同时赋值
//Longhand let a, b, c; a = 5; b = 8; c = 12; //Shorthand let [a, b, c] = [5, 8, 12];
巧用三元运算符简化if else
//Longhand let marks = 26; let result; if (marks >= 30) { result = 'Pass'; } else { result = 'Fail'; } //Shorthand let result = marks >= 30 ? 'Pass' : 'Fail';
使用||运算符给变量指定默认值
本质是利用了||运算符的特点，当前面的表达式的结果转成布尔值为false时，则值为后面表达式的结果
//Longhand let imagePath; let path = getImagePath(); if (path !== null && path !== undefined && path !== '') { imagePath = path; } else { imagePath = 'default.jpg'; } //Shorthand let imagePath = getImagePath() || 'default.jpg';
使用&&运算符简化if语句
例如某个函数在某个条件为真时才调用，可简写
//Longhand if (isLoggedin) { goToHomepage(); } //Shorthand isLoggedin && goToHomepage();
使用解构交换两个变量的值
let x = 'Hello', y = 55; //Longhand const temp = x; x = y; y = temp; //Shorthand [x, y] = [y, x];
适用箭头函数简化函数
//Longhand function add(num1, num2) { return num1 + num2; } //Shorthand const add = (num1, num2) => num1 + num2;
需要注意箭头函数和普通函数的区别
使用字符串模板简化代码
使用模板字符串代替原始的字符串拼接
//Longhand console.log('You got a missed call from ' + number + ' at ' + time); //Shorthand console.log(`You got a missed call from ${number} at ${time}`);
多行字符串也可使用字符串模板简化
//Longhand console.log('JavaScript, often abbreviated as JS, is an' + 'programming language that conforms to the n' + 'ECMAScript specification. JavaScript is high-level,n' + 'often just-in-time compiled, and multi-paradigm.' ); //Shorthand console.log(`JavaScript, often abbreviated as JS, is a programming language that conforms to the ECMAScript specification. JavaScript is high-level, often just-in-time compiled, and multi-paradigm.` );
对于多值匹配，可将所有值放在数组中，通过数组方法来简写
//Longhand if (value === 1 || value === 'one' || value === 2 || value === 'two') { // Execute some code } // Shorthand 1 if ([1, 'one', 2, 'two'].indexOf(value) >= 0) { // Execute some code } // Shorthand 2 if ([1, 'one', 2, 'two'].includes(value)) { // Execute some code }
巧用ES6对象的简洁语法
例如，当属性名和变量名相同时，可直接缩写为一个
let firstname = 'Amitav'; let lastname = 'Mishra'; //Longhand let obj = {firstname: firstname, lastname: lastname}; //Shorthand let obj = {firstname, lastname};
使用一元运算符简化字符串转数字
//Longhand let total = parseInt('453'); let average = parseFloat('42.6'); //Shorthand let total = +'453'; let average = +'42.6';
使用repeat()方法简化重复一个字符串
//Longhand let str = ''; for(let i = 0; i < 5; i ++) { str += 'Hello '; } console.log(str); // Hello Hello Hello Hello Hello // Shorthand 'Hello '.repeat(5); // 想跟你说100声抱歉！ 'sorryn'.repeat(100);
使用双星号代替Math.pow()
//Longhand const power = Math.pow(4, 3); // 64 // Shorthand const power = 4**3; // 64
使用双波浪线运算符（~~）代替Math.floor()
//Longhand const floor = Math.floor(6.8); // 6 // Shorthand const floor = ~~6.8; // 6
需要注意，~~仅适用于小于2147483647的数字
巧用扩展操作符（…）简化代码
简化数组合并
let arr1 = [20, 30]; //Longhand let arr2 = arr1.concat([60, 80]); // [20, 30, 60, 80] //Shorthand let arr2 = [...arr1, 60, 80]; // [20, 30, 60, 80]
单层对象的拷贝
let obj = {x: 20, y: {z: 30}}; //Longhand const makeDeepClone = (obj) => { let newObject = {}; Object.keys(obj).map(key => { if(typeof obj[key] === 'object'){ newObject[key] = makeDeepClone(obj[key]); } else { newObject[key] = obj[key]; } }); return newObject; } const cloneObj = makeDeepClone(obj); //Shorthand const cloneObj = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj)); //Shorthand for single level object let obj = {x: 20, y: 'hello'}; const cloneObj = {...obj};
寻找数组中的最大和最小值
// Shorthand const arr = [2, 8, 15, 4]; Math.max(...arr); // 15 Math.min(...arr); // 2
使用for in和for of来简化普通for循环
let arr = [10, 20, 30, 40]; //Longhand for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { console.log(arr[i]); } //Shorthand //for of loop for (const val of arr) { console.log(val); } //for in loop for (const index in arr) { console.log(arr[index]); }
简化获取字符串中的某个字符
let str = 'jscurious.com'; //Longhand str.charAt(2); // c //Shorthand str[2]; // c
移除对象属性
let obj = {x: 45, y: 72, z: 68, p: 98}; // Longhand delete obj.x; delete obj.p; console.log(obj); // {y: 72, z: 68} // Shorthand let {x, p, ...newObj} = obj; console.log(newObj); // {y: 72, z: 68}
使用arr.filter(Boolean)过滤掉数组成员的值falsey
let arr = [12, null, 0, 'xyz', null, -25, NaN, '', undefined, 0.5, false]; //Longhand let filterArray = arr.filter(function(value) { if(value) return value; }); // filterArray = [12, "xyz", -25, 0.5] // Shorthand let filterArray = arr.filter(Boolean); // filterArray = [12, "xyz", -25, 0.5]
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