Linux 常用命令全拼

• pwd: print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径

• ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器)

  常用参数：－auxf

  ps -auxf 显示进程状态

• df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。
• du: Disk usage
• rpm：即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一
• rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）
• rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）
• cat: concatenate 连锁
• cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
• insmod: install module,载入模块
• ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
• mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录)
• touch: touch
• man: Manual
• su：Swith user(切换用户)
• cd：Change directory
• ls：List files
• ps：Process Status
• mkdir：Make directory
• rmdir：Remove directory
• mkfs: Make file system
• fsck：File system check
• uname: Unix name
• lsmod: List modules
• mv: Move file
• rm: Remove file
• cp: Copy file
• ln: Link files
• fg: Foreground
• bg: Background
• chown: Change owner
• chgrp: Change group
• chmod: Change mode
• umount: Unmount
• dd: 本来应根据其功能描述”Convert an copy”命名为”cc”，但”cc”已经被用以代表”CComplier”，所以命名为”dd”
• tar：Tape archive （磁带档案）
• ldd：List dynamic dependencies
• insmod：Install module
• rmmod：Remove module
• lsmod：List module
• 文件结尾的”rc”（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
• Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
• .a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library
• .so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
• .o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
• RPM：Red hat package manager
• dpkg：Debian package manager
• apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）

其他 Linux 命令缩写

bin = Binaries (二进制文件)    /dev = Devices (设备)    /etc = Etcetera (等等)    /lib = LIBrary    /proc = Processes    /sbin = Superuser Binaries (超级用户的二进制文件)    /tmp = Temporary (临时)    /usr = Unix Shared Resources    /var = Variable (变量)    FIFO = First In, First Out    GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader    IFS= Internal Field Seperators    LILO = LInux LOader    MySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字，    SQL = Structured QueryLanguage    PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor    PS = Prompt String    Perl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language”(实际的抽取和报告语言) =”Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister”    Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python’s Flying Circus    Tcl = Tool Command Language    Tk = ToolKit    VT = Video Terminal    YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool    apache = “a patchy” server    apt = Advanced Packaging Tool    ar = archiver    as = assembler    awk = “Aho Weiberger and Kernighan”三个作者的姓的第一个字母    bash = Bourne Again SHell    bc = Basic (Better) Calculator    bg = BackGround    biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。    cal = Calendar (日历)    cat = Catenate (链接)    cd = Change Directory    chgrp = Change Group    chmod = Change Mode    chown = Change Owner    chsh = Change Shell    cmp = compare    cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture    comm = common    cp = Copy    cpio = CoPy In and Out    cpp = C Pre Processor    cron = Chronos 希腊文时间    cups = Common Unix Printing System    cvs = Current Version System    daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor    dc = Desk Calculator    dd = Disk Dump (磁盘转储)    df = Disk Free    diff = Difference    dmesg = diagnostic message    du = Disk Usage    ed = editor    egrep = Extended GREP    elf = Extensible Linking Format    elm = ELectronic Mail    emacs = Editor MACroS    eval = EVALuate    ex = EXtended    exec = EXECute (执行)    fd = file descriptors    fg = ForeGround    fgrep = Fixed GREP    fmt = format    fsck = File System ChecK    fstab = FileSystem TABle    fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager    gawk = GNU AWK    gpg = GNU Privacy Guard    groff = GNU troff    hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer    joe = Joe’s Own Editor    ksh = Korn SHell    lame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoder    lex = LEXical analyser    lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses    ln = Link    lpr = Line PRint    ls = list    lsof = LiSt Open Files    m4 = Macro processor Version 4    man = MANual pages    mawk = Mike Brennan’s AWK    mc = Midnight Commander    mkfs = MaKe FileSystem    mknod = Make Node    motd = Message of The Day    mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa    mtab = Mount TABle    mv = Move    nano = Nano’s ANOther editor    nawk = New AWK    nl = Number of Lines    nm = names    nohup = No HangUP    nroff = New ROFF    od = Octal Dump    passwd = Passwd    pg = pager    pico = PIne’s message COmposition editor    pine = “Program for Internet News &Email” = “Pine is not Elm”    ping = 拟声 又 = Packet Internet Grouper    pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability    popd = POP Directory    pr = pre    printf = Print Formatted    ps = Processes Status    pty = pseudo tty    pushd = PUSH Directory    pwd = Print Working Directory    rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell    rev = REVerse    rm = ReMove    rn = Read News    roff = RunOFF    rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager    rsh, rlogin, rvim中的    r = Remote    rxvt = ouR XVT    seamoneky = 我    sed = Stream Editor    seq = SEQuence    shar = Shell ARchive    slrn = S-Lang rn    ssh = Secure Shell    ssl = Secure Sockets Layer    stty = Set TTY    su = Substitute User    svn = SubVersion    tar = Tape ARchive    tcsh = TENEX C shell    tee = T (T形水管接口)    telnet = TEminaL over Network    termcap = terminal capability    terminfo = terminal information    tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art    tr = traslate    troff = Typesetter new ROFF    tsort = Topological SORT    tty = TeleTypewriter    twm = Tom’s Window Manager    tz = TimeZone    udev = Userspace DEV    ulimit = User’s LIMIT    umask = User’s MASK    uniq = UNIQue    i = VIsual = Very Inconvenient    vim = Vi IMproved    wall = write all    wc = Word Count    wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator    xargs = eXtended ARGuments    xdm = X Display Manager    xlfd = X Logical Font Description    xmms = X Multimedia System    xrdb = X Resources DataBase    xwd = X Window Dump    yacc = yet another compiler compiler    Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell    su = Switch User    MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions    ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation